The UK regulators (primarily the Prudential Regulation Authority ("PRA")) are currently reviewing consultation responses received on the proposed implementation of Basel 3.1 in the UK, with the final rules being published between December 2023 and May 2024, and implementation due to start in the UK in July 2025 (pushed back from the original date of 1 January 2025) and finish by 1 January 2030. On 12 December 2023, the PRA has published the first of two near-final policy statements covering the implementation of the Basel 3.1 standards. This policy statement did not address the real estate lending concerns outlined in this article. The second near-final policy statement is expected in Q2 2024 and is likely to address these. The US Regulators, i.e. the Federal Reserve, OCC and FDIC, have on 27 July 2023 published their proposals to implement Basel 3.1 (or Basel – Endgame, as it is increasingly referred to in the US) (the “US Proposals”). The consultation period ends on 16 January 2024 with the currently proposed start of implementation being scheduled for July 2025 Some of the proposals have potentially problematic implications for Real Estate Finance (“REF”) and, in turn, the wider UK and US Real Estate market. The US implementation proposal provoked an immediate and robust reaction by the US banks and other key stakeholders in the market.